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Appendix D
5/20/2009
3
3.12
Certified Reference Material – A reference material one or more of
whose property values are certified by a technically valid procedure,
accompanied by or traceable to a certificate or other documentation
which is issued by a certifying body. (ISO 17025
3.13
Corrective Action – Action taken to eliminate the causes of an existing
nonconformity, defect or other undesirable situation in order to prevent
recurrence. (ISO 8402)
3.14
Deficiency – An unauthorized deviation from acceptable procedures or
practices. (ASQC)
3.15
Demonstration of Capability – A procedure to establish the ability of the
analyst to generate acceptable accuracy. (NELAC)
3.16
Detection Limit – The lowest concentration or amount of the target
analyte that can be determined to be different from zero by a single
measurement at a stated degree of confidence.
3.17
Duplicate Analysis – The analyses of measurements of the variable of
interest performed identically on two sub samples (aliquots) of the same
sample. The results from duplicate analyses are used to evaluate
analytical or measurement precision but not the precision of sampling,
preservation or storage internal to the laboratory. (EPA-QAD)
3.18
Epiphytic growth – Fouling organisms which adhere to solid surfaces in
natural waters.
3.19
External Standard (ES) – A pure analyte (anacystis nidulans algae, or
equivalent) that is measured in an experiment separate from the
experiment used to measure the analyte(s) in the sample. The signal
observed for a known quantity of the pure external standard is used to
calibrate the instrument response for the corresponding analyte(s). The
instrument response is used to calculate the concentrations of the
analyte(s) in the unknown sample.
3.20
Field Duplicates (FD1 and FD2) – Two separate samples collected at the
same time and place under identical circumstances and treated exactly
the same throughout filed and laboratory procedures. Analyses of FD1
and FD2 provide a measure of the precision associated with sample
collection, preservation and storage, as well as with laboratory
procedures.
3.21
Field Reagent Blank (FRB) – An aliquot of reagent water or other blank
matrix that is places in a sample container in the laboratory and treated
as a sample in all respects, including shipment to the sampling site,
exposure to the sampling site conditions, storage, preservation, and all
analytical procedures. The purpose of the FRB is to determine if method
analytes or other interferences are present in the field environment.
3.22
Fluorescence – Fluorescence is a physical property of certain atoms and
molecules. A fluorescent molecule has the ability to absorb light at one
wavelength and almost instantly emit light at a new and usually longer
wavelength. (Turner Designs TD700 manual)