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Appendix A
5/20/2009
3
Corrective Action – Action taken to eliminate the causes of an existing
nonconformity, defect or other undesirable situation in order to prevent
recurrence. (ISO 8402)
3.12
Deficiency – An unauthorized deviation from acceptable procedures or
practices. (ASQC)
3.13
Demonstration of Capability – A procedure to establish the ability of the
analyst to generate acceptable accuracy. (NELAC)
3.14
Detection Limit – The lowest concentration or amount of the target
analyte that can be determined to be different from zero by a single
measurement at a stated degree of confidence.
3.15
Duplicate Analysis – The analyses of measurements of the variable of
interest performed identically on two sub samples (aliquots) of the same
sample. The results from duplicate analyses are used to evaluate
analytical or measurement precision but not the precision of sampling,
preservation or storage internal to the laboratory. (EPA-QAD)
3.16
Field Duplicates (FD1 and FD2) – Two separate samples collected at the
same time and place under identical circumstances and treated exactly
the same throughout filed and laboratory procedures. Analyses of FD1
and FD2 provide a measure of the precision associated with sample
collection, preservation and storage, as well as with laboratory
procedures.
3.17
Field Reagent Blank (FRB) – A aliquot of reagent water or other blank
matrix that is places in a sample container in the laboratory and treated
as a sample in all respects, including shipment to the sampling site,
exposure to the sampling site conditions, storage, preservation, and all
analytical procedures. The purpose of the FRB is to determine if method
analytes or other interferences are present in the field environment.
3.18
Furnace – Combusts samples at 550
°C.
3.19
Holding time – The maximum time that samples may be held prior to
analysis and still be considered valid.(40 CFR Part 136) The time
elapsed from the time of sampling to the time of extraction or analysis,
as appropriate.
3.20
Instrument Detection Limit (IDL) – The minimum quantity of analyte of
the concentration equivalent which gives an analyte signal equal to three
times the standard deviation of the background signal at the selected
wavelength, mass, retention time absorbance line, etc.
3.21
Laboratory Duplicates (LD1 and LD2) – Two aliquots of the same
sample taken in the laboratory and analyzed separately with identical
procedures. Analyses of LD1 and LD2 indicate precision associated
with laboratory procedures, but not with sample collection, preservation,
or storage procedures.
3.22
Laboratory Reagent Blank (LRB) – A blank matrix (i.e., DI water) that
is treated exactly as a sample including exposure to all glassware,
equipment, solvents, and reagents that are used with other samples. The
LRB is used to determine if method analytes or other interferences are
present in the laboratory environment, the reagents, or the instrument.